Emphasizes internal mental processes and how they influence learning.
Jean Piaget and Jerome Bruner are notable contributors.
Bringuier, J. C. (1980). Conversations with Jean Piaget. University of Chicago Press.
Olson, D. R., & Bailey, R. (2014). Jerome Bruner: The cognitive revoution in educational theory. Bloomsbury Academic.
Piaget, J., Gallagher, J. M., & Overton, W. F. (1977). The role of action in the development of thinking. In Knowledge and Development (pp. 17–42). Springer US. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-2547-5_2
Stapleton, L., & Stefaniak, J. (2019). Cognitive constructivism: Revisiting Jerome Bruner’s influence on instructional design practices. TechTrends: Linking Research & Practice to Improve Learning, 63(1), 4–5. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11528-018-0356-8
Ertmer, P. A., & Newby, T. J. (2013). Behaviorism, cognitivism, constructivism: Comparing critical features from an instructional design perspective. performance improvement quarterly, 26(2), 43–71. https://doi.org/10.1002/piq.21143
McClellan, E. R. (2023). Cognitivism: Learning theory and applications to teaching. In The Psychology of Teaching and Learning Music (1st ed., Vol. 1, pp. 38–56). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003038474-6
Roy, D. (2021). Behaviourism, cognitivism and constructivism in school systems. In Skinned Knees and ABCs (1st ed., pp. 24–37). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003043201-4
Yilmaz, K. (2011). The cognitive perspective on learning: Its theoretical underpinnings and implications for classroom practices. Clearing House, 84(5), 204–212. https://doi.org/10.1080/00098655.2011.568989